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White Paper T290i/T290c
21 October 2004
Bearer type characteristics
The T290i/T290c accesses WAP services over IP.
IP can be provided either over GSM Data or GPRS,
depending on network services.
Typical differences which distinguish the bearer
types are listed below.
GPRS access
• The connection is maintained “constantly”, with
data transmitted in packets, and transmission
capacity being used by the application in use on
an as-needed basis.
• Higher transmission speed than with GSM Data
or SMS access.
• Pricing of GPRS can be dependent on the
actual use of bandwidth, which means the user
is charged for the volume of data transmitted,
rather than the duration of the connection.
• When transmitting large amounts of data, band-
width can be increased automatically to allow
faster transmission speed.
• Ideal for complex pull services, browsing, data
transfer, provisioning, pager services, messag
-
ing services, info services, push initiations.
GSM data access
• Circuit connection of data calls, which means
that the phone is connected during the entire
WAP session.
• Pricing is comparable to that of data calls in the
network.
Gateway characteristics
A WAP Gateway provides Internet/intranet as well
as WAP services to the mobile browser. A Gateway
is identified by an IP number, depending on access
type.
End-to-end gateway navigation
The WAP 2.0 supports E2E (End-to-End) Gateway
navigation, making it possible for example for a
bank to redirect its clients from the Internet gate
-
way to its own gateway.
Security using WAP
For certain WAP services, such as banking serv-
ices, a secure connection between the phone and
WAP gateway is necessary. An icon in the display
of the T290i/T290c indicates when a secure con
-
nection is in use.
The T290i/T290c is based on the WAP 1.2.1 speci-
fication suite, in which security functionality is
specified by a technology called Wireless Transport
Layer Security (WTLS). The WAP protocols for han
-
dling connection, transport and security are struc-
tured in layers, with security handled by the WTLS
layer, operating above the transport protocol layer.
WTLS classes define the levels of security for a
WTLS connection:
• WTLS class 1 – encryption with no authentica-
tion.
• WTLS class 2 – encryption with server authenti-
cation.
• WTLS class 3 – encryption with both server and
client authentication.
Server authentication requires a server certificate
stored at the server side and a trusted certificate
stored at the client side.
Client authentication requires a client certificate
stored at the client side and a trusted certificate
stored at the server side.