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such studies mean for human
health. Three large epidemiology
studies have been published
since December 2000. Between
them, the studies investigated
any possible association between
the use of wireless phones and
primary brain cancer, glioma,
meningioma, or acoustic neuroma,
tumors of the brain or salivary
gland, leukemia, or other cancers.
None of the studies demonstrated
the existence of any harmful
health effects from wireless phone
RF exposures.
However, none of the studies can
answer questions about longterm
exposures, since the average
period of phone use in these
studies was around three years.
5. What research is needed to
decide whether RF exposure
from wireless phones poses a
health risk?
A combination of laboratory
studies and epidemiological
studies of people actually using
wireless phones would provide
some of the data that are
needed. Lifetime animal exposure
studies could be completed in a
few years. However, very large
numbers of animals would be
needed to provide reliable proof of
a cancer promoting effect if one
exists. Epidemiological studies
can provide data that is directly
applicable to human populations,
but 10 or more years follow-
up may be needed to provide
answers about some health
effects, such as cancer.
This is because the interval
between the time of exposure to
a cancer-causing agent and the
time tumors develop - if they do
may be many, many years. The
interpretation of epidemiological
studies is hampered by difficulties
in measuring actual RF exposure
during day-to-day use of wireless