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66 Nokia Network Voyager for IPSO 4.0 Reference Guide
The most recent system log messages appear.
Tracing
You can use the tcpdump utility to trace ISDN D-channel traffic (Q.921 and Q.931 protocols)
and B-channel traffic (PPP/multilink PPP and TCP/IP protocols).
When running tcpdump on an ISDN interface, if no options are given on the command line, the
following messages are decoded and displayed:
Q.931 messages
PPP messages and the fields inside them
Any IP traffic on the B-channels
If -e option is specified on the command line, in addition to the preceding messages, all Q.921
messages are also decoded and displayed.
If the -v option is used, Q.931 messages are displayed. Also the fields in all PPP messages and
their values are displayed in an extended format.
To trace ISDN traffic using tcpdump
1. Create a telnet session and log in to the firewall.
2. Enter
tcpdump -i <isdn-interface>
Troubleshooting Cause Codes
Use the following debug commands to display the ISDN cause code fields in the following table:
i=0xy1y2z1z2a1a2
Table 5 ISDN Cause Code Fields
Cause Code Description
y1 8 - ITU-T standard coding
y2 0 - User
1 - Private network serving local user
2 - Public network serving local user
3 - Transit network
4 - Public network serving remote user
5 - Private network serving remote user
7 - International network
A - Network beyond Internetworking point